How is acute angle-closure glaucoma treated?

The first step in treating acute angle-closure glaucoma is to lower the intraocular pressure and to constrict the pupil.

Acetazolamide (and sometimes other medication) is given to reduce the rate of formation of aqueous humour. Pilocarpine drops are used to constrict the pupil.

Nausea is controlled using anti-emetics if necessary.

The definitive treatment is surgical. A peripheral iridotomy using a laser (or occasionally surgery) is done. A pinpoint sized hole in the iris is made to allow free flow of fluid between the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. This is often carried out on the other eye as well, to prevent the problem recurring.

When to see your doctor
If you develop a very painful, red and swollen eye and your vision is decreased, you should see your doctor immediately.